Search results for "numerical [Methods]"

showing 10 items of 500 documents

Modelling biological and chemically induced precipitation of calcium phosphate in enhanced biological phosphorus removal systems

2011

The biologically induced precipitation processes can be important in wastewater treatment, in particular treating raw wastewater with high calcium concentration combined with Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal. Currently, there is little information and experience in modelling jointly biological and chemical processes. This paper presents a calcium phosphate precipitation model and its inclusion in the Activated Sludge Model No 2d (ASM2d). The proposed precipitation model considers that aqueous phase reactions quickly achieve the chemical equilibrium and that aqueous-solid change is kinetically governed. The model was calibrated using data from four experiments in a Sequencing Batch Rea…

Precipitation (chemical)Waste component removalCalcium PhosphatesKinematicsPrecipitation (chemistry)Sequencing batch reactorWastewater treatmentPrecipitationActivated sludge modelWastewaterChemicals removal (water treatment)Precipitation processchemistry.chemical_compoundMathematical modelCalcium ionAqueous solutionChemical PrecipitationAmorphous calcium phosphateChemical equilibriumsEnvironmental RemediationWaste Management and DisposalEnvironmental Restoration and RemediationCalcium concentrationPriority journalWater Science and TechnologyWaste water managementMathematical modellingChemistryEcological ModelingPhosphorusPollutionRaw wastewatersSequencing batch reactorAmorphous calcium phosphateBiodegradation EnvironmentalEnhanced biological phosphorus removalPollutant removalCalibrationCrystallizationEnvironmental EngineeringInorganic chemistryAqueous phase reactionschemistry.chemical_elementArticleHydroxyapatitePhosphatesNumerical modelSolidChemical engineeringPhysicochemical propertyComputer SimulationCalcium phosphate precipitationBiological water treatmentTECNOLOGIA DEL MEDIO AMBIENTECivil and Structural EngineeringActivated sludge modelActivated sludge processBatch reactorsPrecipitation (chemistry)PhosphorusPrecipitation modelPhosphateChemical processKineticsActivated sludgeCalcium phosphateModels ChemicalActivated sludgePotassiumEnhanced biological phosphorus removalCalciumExperimentsSequencing batch reactorsCalcium phosphate dibasicHydrogenWater Research
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On the influence of curvature and torsion on turbulence in helically coiled pipes

2014

Turbulent flow and heat transfer in helically coiled pipes at Ret=400 was investigated by DNS using finite volume grids with up to 2.36×10^7 nodes. Two curvatures (0.1 and 0.3) and two torsions (0 and 0.3) were considered. The flow was fully developed hydrodynamically and thermally. The central discretization scheme was adopted for diffusion and advection terms, and the second order backward Euler scheme for time advancement. The grid spacing in wall units was ~3 radially, 7.5 circumferentially and 20 axially. The time step was equal to one viscous wall unit and simulations were typically protracted for 8000 time steps, the last 4000 of which were used to compute statistics. The results sho…

Pressure dropHistoryFinite volume methodDirect Numerical SimulationTurbulencehelically coiled pipeTorsion (mechanics)GeometrySecondary flowCurvatureNusselt numberComputer Science ApplicationsEducationTurbulencePhysics::Fluid DynamicsHeat transferSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti NucleariMathematicsJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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Linkage analysis and disease models in benign familial infantile seizures: a study of 16 families.

2006

Summary: Purpose: Benign familial infantile seizures (BFIS) is a genetically heterogeneous condition characterized by partial seizures, onset age from 3 to 9 months, and favorable outcome. BFIS loci were identified on chromosomes 19q12-13.1 and 16p12-q12, allelic to infantile convulsions and choreathetosis. The identification of SCN2A mutations in families with only infantile seizures indicated that BFNIS and BFIS may show overlapping clinical features. Infantile seizures also were in a family with familial hemiplegic migraine and mutations in the ATP1A2 gene. We have examined the heterogeneous genetics of BFIS by means of linkage analysis. Methods: Sixteen families were examined. Probands …

ProbandMaleGenetic LinkagePenetranceEpilepsyModelsgeneticsTomographyFamilial hemiplegic migraineGeneticsNeurologic ExaminationBrainChromosome MappingElectroencephalographyPenetranceMagnetic Resonance Imagingstatistics /&/ numerical dataPedigreeX-Ray ComputedNeurologyFemaleHumanmedicine.medical_specialtyBenign NeonatalBrain; pathology/radiography Chromosome Mapping Chromosomes; Human; Pair 16; genetics Chromosomes; Pair 19; genetics Electroencephalography; statistics /&/ numerical data Epilepsy; Benign Neonatal; diagnosis/genetics Family Female Genetic Heterogeneity Genetic Linkage Haplotypes Humans Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Models; Genetic Mutation; genetics Neurologic Examination Pedigree Penetrance Tomography; X-Ray Computedpathology/radiographyChromosomesGenetic HeterogeneityGeneticGenetic linkageFebrile seizureGenetic modelmedicineHumansFamilyPsychiatryEpilepsyModels GeneticPair 19Genetic heterogeneitybusiness.industryPair 16medicine.diseaseEpilepsy Benign NeonatalHaplotypesMutationNeurology (clinical)Tomography X-Ray ComputedbusinessChromosomes Human Pair 19Chromosomes Human Pair 16diagnosis/genetics
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Efficient computation of root mean square deviations under rigid transformations

2013

The computation of root mean square deviations (RMSD) is an important step in many bioinformatics applications. If approached naively, each RMSD computation takes time linear in the number of atoms. In addition, a careful implementation is required to achieve numerical stability, which further increases runtimes. In practice, the structural variations under consideration are often induced by rigid transformations of the protein, or are at least dominated by a rigid component. In this work, we show how RMSD values resulting from rigid transformations can be computed in constant time from the protein's covariance matrix, which can be precomputed in linear time. As a typical application scenar…

Protein ConformationCovariance matrixComputationComputational BiologyProteinsGeometryGeneral ChemistryRoot mean squareComputational MathematicsComputer SimulationStatistical physicsCluster analysisConstant (mathematics)Time complexityRigid transformationMathematicsNumerical stabilityJournal of Computational Chemistry
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A General Mathematical Model for the Simulation of Common Faults in Three‐ phase Voltage Source Inverters

2013

In the last years the fault problem in power electronics has been more and more investigated both from theoretical and practical point of view. This paper analyzes the problem of faults modeling in a three phase voltage source inverter(VSI) and presents a model of a VSI able to simulate both unfaulty and faulty conditions when one or more devices go broken. In the past the fault problem was faced step by step considering the fault on each single device building a model for each case. The model hereafter presented solves this drawback through the introduction of the concept of the Healthy Device Binary Variable (HDBV) and the more general Healthy Leg Binary Variable (HLBV) showing also as th…

PulseWidth Modulated InvertersSettore ING-IND/32 - Convertitori Macchine E Azionamenti ElettriciFault‐toleranceNumerical modelFault
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Applied multi-pulsed laser in surface treatment and numerical–experimental analysis

2011

International audience; This paper presents a comparison between simulation and experimental results of the melting process of metallic material by a pulsed laser source Nd–YAG. The simulations of temperature and velocity fields of melted material were done by solving the transient heat transfer and fluid-flow equations. Variations of the thermophysical properties were considered. Furthermore, the model included the effects of the surface-tension gradient on the fluid surface and the buoyancy force. The simulation was useful in improving our understanding of the phenomena occurring in the treated material. Using a laser triangulation sensor, an experimental study was also conducted on the s…

Pulsed laserSurface (mathematics)Materials scienceBuoyancy[ SPI.MAT ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials02 engineering and technologyNumerical simulationengineering.material01 natural scienceslaw.invention[SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/MaterialsOpticslaw0103 physical sciences[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process EngineeringIrradiationLaser power scalingElectrical and Electronic Engineering010302 applied physicsComputer simulationPulsed laser irradiationbusiness.industry[ SPI.GPROC ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyLaserAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsengineeringSurface profile0210 nano-technologybusinessKeyhole
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On a class of compactly epi-Lipschitzian sets

2003

The paper is devoted to the study of the so-called compactly epi-Lipschitzian sets. These sets are needed for many aspects of generalized differentiation, particulary for necessary optimality conditions, stability of mathematical programming problems and calculus rules for subdifferentials and normal cones. We present general conditions under which sets defined by general constraints are compactly epi-Lipschitzian. This allows us to show how the compact epi-Lipschitzness properties behave under set intersections.

Pure mathematicsClass (set theory)Mathematical optimizationcompactly epi-lipschitzian setsnonsmooth analysisApplied MathematicsPhysics::Medical PhysicsStability (learning theory)Mathematics::Optimization and ControlSubderivativeSet (abstract data type)locally compact cones49J52AnalysisMathematicsNumerical stability
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Analytical and Numerical Investigation of 3D Multilayer Detachment Folding

2013

Multilayer detachment folding, in which a sequence of sedimentary layers is compressed above a weaker salt layer, is a common mode of deformation in thin-skinned fold-and-thrust belts. Here, we investigate the dynamics of multilayer detachment folding with three different viscosities: lower detachment or salt layer, overlying weak layers and competent layers. A semi-analytical solution, based on thick plate analysis of multilayer systems, is used to create mechanical phase diagrams of folding dominant wavelength and growth rate as a function of material parameters. The validity of the phase diagrams is tested and confirmed beyond the nucleation stages of folding by performing several 2D and…

Quantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials science010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesDeformation (mechanics)NucleationNumerical modelingGeometry010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciencesFolding (chemistry)Thick plateGrowth rateLayer (electronics)0105 earth and related environmental sciencesPhase diagramMathematics of Planet Earth
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TLM Nodes: A New Look at an Old Problem

2015

In this paper, an alternative perspective on the transmission line modeling (TLM) method concepts to unify previous work is presented. The procedure begins by discretizing Maxwell’s equations and proposing TLM equivalent models. Node voltage and mesh current definitions are provided in terms of link line contributions, compatible with stub currents and voltages. They allow obtaining an expression that relates incident and reflected pulses with no other condition required. With this unified approach, modeling of other situations is straightforward. 2-D cases, source implementation, and anisotropic media are described and numerically tested.

RadiationDiscretizationTransmission lineComputer scienceElectronic engineeringNumerical modelsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringCondensed Matter PhysicsTopologyCapacitanceStub (electronics)VoltageIEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques
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A particle method for a Lotka-Volterra system with nonlinear cross and self-diffusion

2008

Reaction-diffusion Numerical schemes Particle methods
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